Interferometric microring-resonant 2 x 2 optical switches

Reducing Insertion Loss of Wavelength-Routed Optical Network Based on Microring Resonator Optical Switches

Using 2×2 switching modules to build large 2-D MEMS optical switches

MEMS optical switch technology is one of the key technologies in Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) optical networks. Although the 2-D MEMS optical switch technology is mature, the commonly used crossbar architecture is not amenable to building large switches. In this paper, we propose a design of 2 × 2 switching modules, and use it to build large 2-D MEMS optical switches with architecture...

Architectural Design for Multistage 2-D MEMS Optical Switches

Next-generation wavelength routing optical networks requiring optical cross connects (OXC) in the network have the ability to direct optical signals from any input interface to suitable output interfaces by configuring their internal embedded optical switch matrices. Microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) switches are regarded as the most promising technology to achieve such functionality. We co...

2 Resonant nonlinear magneto - optical effects in atoms ∗

In this article, we review the history, current status, physical mechanisms, experimental methods, and applications of nonlinear magneto-optical effects in atomic vapors. We begin by describing the pioneering work of Macaluso and Corbino over a century ago on linear magneto-optical effects (in which the properties of the medium do not depend on the light power) in the vicinity of atomic resonan...

Correlated Optical and X - ray Variability in LMC X – 2

We have obtained high time resolution (seconds) photometry of LMC X–2 in December 1997, simultaneously with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE), in order to search for correlated X-ray and optical variability on timescales from seconds to hours. We find that the optical and X-ray data are correlated only when the source is in a high, active X-ray state. Our analysis shows evidence for the X-...